5 raisons de ne pas manquer les régions désertiques de l’Afrique australe

Alors que les plages tropicales, les plaines verdoyantes et les forêts luxuriantes ont tous leur attrait, les déserts ont un charme particulier. Des vastes ciels bleus s’étendent dans toutes les directions, sans être interrompus par des gratte-ciels, ou la pollution ou encore des forêts qui bloquent le soleil. Ces régions abritent également des plantes et des animaux uniques, ainsi qu’une variété de paysages allant des hautes dunes de sable aux collines couvertes de petits buissons ou aux formations rocheuses spectaculaires.

Voici quelques raisons de visiter les magnifiques régions désertiques de l’Afrique australe :

1- Soleil et hospitalité
Les vastes ciels bleus qui s’étendent à perte de vue sont l’un des nombreux atouts des régions désertiques et semi-désertiques. Vous pouvez échapper aux temps nuageux, à la pluie et à l’humidité extrême et vous imprégner de l’air sec, en vous baignant dans les piscines des lodges ou en ressentant la douce brise sur votre visage lors d’un safari en plein air. Vous êtes libéré de la foule et vous pouvez vous déconnecter comme vous le souhaitez.

Certaines expériences valent le détour, comme un vol en montgolfière au-dessus des dunes rouges spectaculaires de Sossusvlei, en Namibie (que nous recommandons vivement), ou même apprendre le parapente dans la région semi-désertique de De Aar, dans le Cap-Nord de l’Afrique du Sud. Selon National Geographic, “ici, la chaleur qui s’élève du désert crée d’énormes courants d’air chaud qui maintiennent les pilotes en l’air, et en effet, les parapentistes ont établi de nombreux records de distance dans la région”.

Bien qu’il y ait des villes dans les déserts, comme Las Vegas et Dubaï, les régions désertiques de l’Afrique australe sont peu peuplées. Les villes et les petits villages ont souvent des restaurants pittoresques et des habitants accueillants, heureux de rencontrer ou de prêter main-forte à un visiteur. La région du Karoo en Afrique du Sud est également célèbre pour son délicieux agneau qui se nourrit de la végétation unique du fynbos de la région et que l’on trouve au menu, ainsi que d’autres plats typiquement sud-africains.


2- Observation des étoiles
Les régions désertiques et semi-désertiques de l’Afrique australe offrent certains des ciels nocturnes les plus clairs et les plus sombres à la fois, ce qui en fait des lieux idéaux pour l’observation des étoiles. Le Roam Private Game Reserve, situé entre la petite ville de Prince Albert et Beaufort West dans la région du Karoo en Afrique du Sud, est un endroit idéal pour profiter de vues nocturnes à couper le souffle de la Voie lactée. À environ 300 kilomètres de là, également au cœur du Karoo, se trouve Sutherland, l’une des principales destinations d’observation des étoiles au monde. L’Observatoire astronomique d’Afrique du Sud (SAAO) y est situé, et l’observatoire abrite le Southern African Large Telescope (SALT), l’un des dix plus grands télescopes du monde. Vous pouvez profiter de visites instructives pendant la journée et de l’observation des étoiles la nuit.

La réserve naturelle de NamibRand en Namibie est située dans l’un des endroits les plus sombres (mais accessibles) de la Terre et a été désignée Réserve internationale de ciel étoilé. Les possibilités d’observation des étoiles sont nombreuses en Namibie, grâce à sa faible population et pollution lumineuse. Outre le NamibRand, le Damaraland et la réserve naturelle de Gamsberg offrent également d’excellentes possibilités d’observation des étoiles.

3- Tapis de fleurs sauvages
Le Namaqualand, dans la province du Cap-Nord en Afrique du Sud, est célèbre pour ses floraisons annuelles de fleurs sauvages au printemps. Le paysage se transforme en un tapis de couleurs vibrantes, avec pour vedettes les marguerites du Namaqualand, endémiques et adaptées aux conditions climatiques difficiles.

Ce phénomène naturel se produit en août et septembre et attire aussi bien les photographes professionnels, les jeunes influenceurs Instagram, les botanistes amateurs, les touristes réguliers que les personnes âgées. Le meilleur endroit pour profiter des floraisons de fleurs sauvages est sans doute le parc national de Namaqua, qui possède la plus grande concentration de flore à bulbe de toutes les régions arides de la Terre, avec plus de 1 000 types d’espèces endémiques et un total de 3 500 espèces végétales. La route des fleurs de Papkuilsfontein à Nieuwoudtville, la réserve florale de Nieuwoudtville et la réserve naturelle de Goegap sont également d’excellents endroits pour voir un grand nombre de fleurs. De belles floraisons peuvent également être observées plus au sud, le long de la côte de la province du Cap-Occidental, par exemple dans le West Coast National Park et la région du Cederberg.

4- Faune unique
Malgré les conditions arides, les déserts abritent une variété surprenante de faune. Bien que nous ne recommanderions pas un désert pour un premier safari (qui préférerait probablement vivre une expérience dans des endroits comme le parc national Kruger ou le cratère du Ngorongoro, où l’on voit plus d’animaux et où l’on a plus de chances de voir les Big 5), observer la faune dans une région désertique est spécial.

On y trouve diverses espèces comme le gemsbok (oryx) à cornes droites, le springbok, la girafe, le zèbre, les autruches, les suricates et même les éléphants et les rhinocéros adaptés au désert et difficiles à trouver dans le Damaraland en Namibie. Les guépards, les léopards, les hyènes et les lions adaptés au désert errent également dans les déserts de la Namibie. Le parc transfrontalier du Kgalagadi (qui s’étend sur l’Afrique du Sud, la Namibie et le Botswana) abrite également ces animaux, ainsi que des rapaces.

5- Merveilles géologiques et art rupestre
Les régions semi-désertiques et arides dévoilent des paysages géologiques merveilleux. Vous pouvez découvrir des formations rocheuses uniques, des sites fossilifères anciens et des canyons impressionnants, comme le Fish River Canyon en Namibie, le deuxième plus grand canyon du monde après le Grand Canyon. Il existe également des gorges moins connues comme Oorlogskloof dans le Cap-Nord, qui est une destination de randonnée populaire.

Le nord de l’Afrique du Sud, les montagnes du Cederberg dans le Cap-Occidental et le Damaraland en Namibie sont également réputés pour leurs anciens sites d’art rupestre. Le Bushman’s Kloof Wilderness Reserve (partie de Red Carnation Hotel Collection) dans le Cederberg a été proclamé site du patrimoine national sud-africain, protégeant plus de 130 sites d’art rupestre uniques. En Namibie, vous pouvez réserver une visite guidée du site classé au patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO à Twyfelfontein, célèbre pour ses peintures et gravures rupestres. On trouve également des arts rupestres dispersés dans le Cap-Nord et le Cap-Occidental de l’Afrique du Sud (ainsi que dans d’autres régions du pays), et ces sites offrent un aperçu fascinant du riche patrimoine culturel et des expressions artistiques des peuples autochtones qui ont autrefois habité la région.

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